Somamous mountaineering route location report,, From the route (Javaherdasht)

 

According to the style of the green mountain route

 

2020

Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Guilan Province Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board
Rudsar Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board

Supervisor: Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board of Guilan Province

Performed by: Rudsar Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board

Research-Executive members
Majid Tajalli – Chairman of the Board of Mountaineering and Sport Climbing of Rudsar city
Dr. Seyed Emad Rouhani – Mountain Medicine Lecturer of the Mountaineering and Climbing Federation
Mehran Gholami-Managing Director of Zabran Rudsar Mountaineering Club
Shohreh Fakhr Janali Ghasemabadi – Vice Chairman of the Board of Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Rudsar
Nima Farid Mojtahedi – Head of the Working Group on Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board of Guilan Province
Masoud Mirza-Aghaei-Free Climber-Guide to Mount Samamos
Dr. Samaneh Negah – Lecturer of Mountain Meteorology, Mountaineering and Climbing Federation

Mountaineering and executive consultants
Ismail Akbari (President of Samamos Rahimabad Mountaineering Club)
Shirin Zare (former head of the Guilan Rescue Working Group)
Ehsan Pejman (representative of the Red Crescent – Free Mountaineer – Head of Search and Rescue Working Group of Rudsar Mountaineering Board)
Ebrahim Hasas (Member of Zebran Club _ Veteran Climber)
Mehdi Habibollahzadeh (Zabran Rudsar Mountaineering Club)
Majid Golalipour (Free Climber_Resident of Rudsar Sports Climbing Working Group)

 

A- Report on the routing plan of Mount Somamous

Considering that Samamos mountain is the highest mountain in Gilan province, and considering that a large number of mountaineers climb this mountain every year, introducing a specific and safe route to present and introduce to mountaineers is one of the concerns of the Mountaineering and Climbing Federation and also The mountaineering delegation was from Gilan province and Rudsar city. On the other hand, the pristine nature as well as the difficult access and geographical complexity of many other routes to the mountain and the difficulties of rescue operations made it necessary to introduce a specific and safe route. Therefore, the Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board of Gilan Province entrusted the responsibility of identifying and introducing a specific mountaineering route that is both safe from a mountaineering perspective and leads to a reduction in environmental damage to the Rudsar County Board. The mountaineering board of Rudsar city organized various meetings with the presence of some top experts in the field of mountain medicine, geomorphology and meteorology and experienced mountaineers of Rudsar city, to identify and introduce this route. The route was selected based on the “Mountain Green Route” policy, which was approved by the Guilan Provincial Board in 1398. To achieve this, 4 face-to-face meetings were held in Rudsar city hosted by Rudsar city. In the initial meetings, the selection of a single route as the official route was discussed and at the end, according to different geographical components, rescue, climatic conditions and atmospheric and geomorphological hazards, the Jurdasht settlement (Javaherdasht) was approved as the main route. And the alternative route of Parchkuh was chosen for the winter route and rescue aid. In one case, members of the mountaineering team climbed Mount Sumamos in winter to record GPS of the route, determine accident hotspots, and place gallows and signposts. Finally, after the technical analysis, a written report was selected along with a map of the route and location of the installation of the panels and stonecutters.

Figure (1) Search group of rescue of Gilan province and Rudsar city_Mountaineering clubs of Rudsar city __Free mountaineers of the region.
Figure (2) The first session to introduce and identify the main route and criteria – January 2017.
Figure (3) The first session to introduce and identify the main route and criteria – January 2017.
Figure (4) The second session in the field of introducing atmospheric and natural hazards of Mount Samamos-May 1399
Figure (5) The second session in the field of introducing atmospheric and natural hazards of Mount Samamos-May 1399.
Figure (6) Support team in field visit in Javaherdasht village. Ardi Behesht 1399.
Figure (7) Members of the climbing team to the summit of Samamos.

Figure (8) Registration of danger points and location of route signs by members of the summit team – May 1399.
Figure (9) Registration of the location of Javaherdasht indoor guide boards by members of the visit team-

Figure (10) Registration of the location of the signs of the climbers crossing path in Abadi Javaherdasht to the shelter and the ascent route by the field visit team-.
Figure (11) Final summary about the points of picking and signs on the route of Samamos-June 1399 peak.
Figure (12) Final summary about the pick-up points and signs on the route of Samamos-June 1399 peak.

 

Routing

Minutes of the first meeting in the field of choosing the green path of Mount Samamos
On Sunday, February 11, 2017, at 7:30 AM, a meeting was held in Rudsar, hosted by the Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Board of Rudsar, with the presence of a group of experts, trainers and acquaintances familiar with the geography of Samamos Mountain. This meeting was held at the invitation of Rudsar Mountaineering Board on behalf of the Mountaineering Board of Guilan Province in order to review, identify and introduce the approved route of Guilan Province to reach and climb the summit of Samamos from Guilan Province. In this meeting, first the main and approved routes of Samamos Mountain in the political geography of Gilan province were identified and then the advantages and disadvantages of each were discussed. These routes include: 1- Jordasht route (Javaherdasht), 3- Parch mountain route (Kakrud) Eshkor, Jordeh Eshkor route.
In general, taking into account all geographical conditions, climate, amount and degree of ease of access, access time, environmental hazards (avalanches, falls, etc.), socio-political importance and attention, the potential of communities in the area of ​​Jurdasht (Jawahardasht) as a route The main ascent to Samamos was selected from Gilan province. In addition, taking into account all the conditions, in case of any problems, including the occurrence of avalanche on the route of Siakhlorud-Javaherdasht village and the closure of the route, Rahimaabad-Kakrud-Parchkooh route was introduced as a winter alternative route.
In addition, according to the documents in the style of the green mountain route, taking into account environmental considerations and safe mountaineering, the route of the ridge to Samamos was chosen as a safe and green route. The valley route was not selected as the main route, especially due to severe avalanches and other hazards.
It was decided that in another meeting, in order to mark and install the introduction and guide boards, a meeting will be held in Rudsar city, important points will be identified and marked on the map.
It was decided that a team of mountaineers, at the end of the meetings and the final conclusion, by the Guilan Provincial Board, marking with full facilities to correct the signs, and documenting in the winter under the leadership and supervision of Mr. Mirza Agha and Mr. Rouhani, with the cooperation of Rudsar delegation to the region To be.
The members of the meeting are Dr. Rouhani, a lecturer in mountaineering and native mountaineering, Mr. Miraz Aghaei, an experienced mountaineer and guide of Mount Samamos, Mr. Tajli, Chairman of the Mountaineering and Climbing Board, and Ms. Fakhrjan Ali, Deputy Chairman of the Mountaineering and Climbing Board of Rudsar. Figure (13) Map of ascent routes to the summit of Samamos from the village of Javaherdasht.

Figure (14) Correspondence with the provincial board regarding the minutes of the meetings held.

 

 

B. Geography of Mount Somamous

This mountain with the position of “26 5050 ° 36 north latitude and ‌03 2323 ° 50 east longitude, is located in the east of Gilan province, bordering Mazandaran province and between the cities of Ramsar, Chabaksar and Rahimaabad.” Samamos with a height of 3703 meters is the highest mountain in Gilan and has two peaks called Koch Samamos and Pil Samamos. The villages of Javaherdasht are in the north, Lima, Lima Gougabra, Kakrud and Parchkuh in the west, Yasur, Vishki, Jordeh in the southwest and the villages of Namkadreh, Sedeh, Jantroodbar, Garsmasar and Jordeh in the east and southeast. In addition to these villages, dozens of Galshi houses and famous summer areas are located on the slopes and edges of this mountain. Galashian houses such as Lapasar, Daghuleh, Rizineh Ibn, Miyankalam, Azardarha, Minkhani, Sarchak, Taklesh, Sipasht, Leznechak and Haftkhani are part of the summers south and east of Mount Samamos and also extend from the north to the north, from the west to the east. , Alamsara, Jurkalamchal, Spitlehbon, Zonogoyeh, Chenarchal, Durgudasht, Aslvar, Sosulat, Sahsrallat, Kilashphteh, Rogani, Soothepshteh, Kalkuh, Minsera, Zarkamus.
Famous springs of this mountain can be taken from Nasirudasht in Javaherdasht, Rosegoli Cheshmeh, Poulakesh, Cheshmeh and Malijeh Khoni in Durgahdasht, Siah Cheshmeh and Lapasar spring in Lapasar, Asemanrood Delijan, Bertel in Javaherdeh Ramsar, Giash in Namkhalreh and Samkhareh in Namkhalreh. In the mountainous massif of Samamos, there are rocks that are famous for their shape and are considered as attractions of special rocks of Gilan, which are mentioned in the related section. These rocks and cliffs are Shirkesh on the way to Javaherdasht to Tokhsar near the peak of Samamos, box office and Naqareh Teleh on the ridge southwest of Chencharchal and Shirkash on the east of the peak of Samamos and northwest of Robarkesh. The main routes to climb this mountain are:
Ramsar Jewel Route:
Ramsar. The path of Javaherdeh village. لات‌محله. بامسی. جیرکوه. سلمل. فیل‌دم. Jewelry ten. The main route used from Javaherdeh village to Samamos peak is the route that passes through the southwestern slopes of this village. The beginning of the route starts from Sigheh Mahalleh forest park or the village waterfall and then ascends from Pakoob to “Sikand” in the east of “Sahbarareh” level. Sikkand is located on a ridge that stretches from the Kuchsammos peak in a northwest-southeast direction. From Sikand there are two main routes to reach the summit of Samamos. Continuation of the northwestern ridge of Kuchsammos and reaching the military road and then crossing the military road to the foot of the peak and ascending from the path of Pakoob to the peak of Samamos, or continuing the path of Pakoob to “Peshavar Cheshmeh” and then ascending and being on the military road. The other route descends to the Chalkrood valley and reaches the place of Baghdasht and then to Lapasar and from Lapasar ride on the northwest-southeast ridge which extends from Pilehsammos to Lapasar and reach the peak.

Javaherdasht route: Kalachai, after Vajargah intersection, Siakhlorud, Sajidan, Chashtkhorlat, Javaherdasht From Javaherdasht village to the south on the ridge that stretches from the vicinity of the village to the village and passing through Haleh Khoni, separating from the mentioned ridge to the right and continuing the path of Pakoob, Shiri Malangeh, Khoshkehdoreh, Jirsakun, Jursakun, Shirkesh, Hagrdi Vagardi, Jirutor , Being located on the main ridge of Samamus to the east to the summit of Samamos.
Jordeh Eshkor route: This route is the smoothest route to climb the peak of Samamos in terms of slope. To reach the summit from this route, we first go to the city of Kalachai and Rahimaabad and enter the Eshkor road. Continuation of the route from the villages of Tulalat, Drazlat, Jirkal, Garmabdasht, Kiarmesh, Bargahdasht, Painearkam, Shahraj, Ghazichak, Vishki, Jirdeh, Jordeh, from the village of Jordeh Eshkor to the north, follow the path of Pakub to Lapasar and after passing Chakosar, Ruskani, Herbochak, Niudasht, Jircheshmeh Maniseh, Jorcheshmeh Maniseh, Jir Gardban Cheshmeh, Jor Gardban Cheshmeh, Jor Gardban Cheshmeh, Lapasar, are located on the northwest-southeast ridge, which is stretched from the peak of Samamos to Lapasar. We reach the summit of Samamos.
Ramsar Railway is another way to reach this peak.
4. The path of Jundeh Rudbar (Paradise of Rudbar): Ramsar to Tonekabon route. Harris Road. Limak. Gangsar. Onion. دالاخانی. ایزکی. اکررس. Junud Rudbar (Paradise of Rudbar). نمک‌دره. Dirt road Masrash route in the main branch of Chalkroud. Plain Garden. Rudbarkash. Towards the summit of Samamos.

Climbing to the summit of Samamos offers the viewer a beautiful view of the plain east of Gilan, both during the day and at night. The view of the Caspian Sea and watching the sunrise at sea from the summit of Samamos is unique in the whole Alborz mountain range, because this mountain is the only peak above 3000 meters of Alborz that is the shortest distance from the Caspian Sea. The mountainous plain of Lapasar Samamos, along with its traditional resorts, has provided a privileged opportunity to spend

This mountain massif with an altitude of 3703 meters has the closest distance to the Caspian Sea among the peaks above 3000 meters of Alborz. Its distance is 24 km in a straight line from the mountain to the shoreline of the Caspian Sea. The proximity of this mountain to the sea shows the very topographic slope of this massif to the sea in a short distance and sharp changes in altitude in this area. ‌ The tributaries of this mountain are the dividing line between the river basins of west Mazandaran and east Gilan such as Plurud, Samush, Dragon, Safarud, Chalkrud, Kakrud, Khoshkrud, etc. are. Samamos mountain massif is a composite anticline [1], its general axis can be traced from the southeast of Rahimabad-Eshkor road in Garmabdasht village in Polrood valley to the northwest of Ramsar-Javaherdeh road in Safarood forest park ‌ (‌mine water ‌) ‌ . The axis of this anticline has an arc shape that is convex to the south. The main peak of Samamos is located at the top of the arch. This composite anticline has been broken by dozens of faults of different types and in different directions vertically or parallel to the axis of the anticline. This issue plays an important role in shaping the topography of this mountain massif. Among these, two thrust faults are more important than the others. The Samamos thrust fault, which forms an east-west direction on the north-northwest edge at the end of the Samush basin, and the Shoil fault, which is a thrust fault with a west, northwest-east, southeast direction that extends to the east and east. It is stretched to the south of the mountain and causes Jurassic rocks to be placed on Cretaceous rocks. The type of geological formations of Mount Samamos is another influential factor in the formation of the topography of this mountain. A large area of ​​the western slope, southwest of Mount Samamos (overlooking Eshkor Road) is formed by the constituents of the Jewel Conglomerate. In many areas, such as around the villages of Lima, Lima, Gwaber, Kakrud and Javaherdeh, outcrops and rocky precipices of this stratigraphic unit have been formed. In addition to the conglomerate, the extensive outcrop of Jurassic and Cretaceous limestones forms massive rocky precipices along the entire ridge ridge of the western slopes of Mount Samamos, especially east of the villages of Limachal, Trepu, Abdarubochal, and north of South Kakomrod and even the whole of Sakarmud. The presence of these calcareous formations in the south and the dissolution due to the corrosion of precipitation water and also the melting of snow, has caused the formation of calcareous dissolution (karst) in the south of Samamos mountain. The objective manifestation of these geomorphological forms are carnations, which are the predominant landscape of the earth’s surface in bare rocky parts. In addition, two deep canyon valleys have formed on the southern slope of the mountain, which can be seen on the way from the village of Jordi Eshkor to Lapasar.

Figure (16) Topographic map of Samamos massif.

Figure (17) View of Samamos anticline around Chaijan village on Kalachai-Chabaksar route, from north to south

the night near the summit of Samamos after a long mountaineering.
Figure (15) Map of the location of Samamos massif in Guilan province

Topography

This mountain massif with an altitude of 3703 meters has the closest distance to the Caspian Sea among the peaks above 3000 meters of Alborz. Its distance is 24 km in a straight line from the mountain to the shoreline of the Caspian Sea. The proximity of this mountain to the sea shows the very topographic slope of this massif to the sea in a short distance and sharp changes in altitude in this area. ‌ The tributaries of this mountain are the dividing line between the river basins of west Mazandaran and east Gilan such as Plurud, Samush, Dragon, Safarud, Chalkrud, Kakrud, Khoshkrud, etc. are. Samamos mountain massif is a composite anticline [1], its general axis can be traced from the southeast of Rahimabad-Eshkor road in Garmabdasht village in Polrood valley to the northwest of Ramsar-Javaherdeh road in Safarood forest park ‌ (‌mine water ‌) ‌ . The axis of this anticline has an arc shape that is convex to the south. The main peak of Samamos is located at the top of the arch. This composite anticline has been broken by dozens of faults of different types and in different directions vertically or parallel to the axis of the anticline. This issue plays an important role in shaping the topography of this mountain massif. Among these, two thrust faults are more important than the others. The Samamos thrust fault, which forms an east-west direction on the north-northwest edge at the end of the Samush basin, and the Shoil fault, which is a thrust fault with a west, northwest-east, southeast direction that extends to the east and east. It is stretched to the south of the mountain and causes Jurassic rocks to be placed on Cretaceous rocks. The type of geological formations of Mount Samamos is another influential factor in the formation of the topography of this mountain. A large area of ​​the western slope, southwest of Mount Samamos (overlooking Eshkor Road) is formed by the constituents of the Jewel Conglomerate. In many areas, such as around the villages of Lima, Lima, Gwaber, Kakrud and Javaherdeh, outcrops and rocky precipices of this stratigraphic unit have been formed. In addition to the conglomerate, the extensive outcrop of Jurassic and Cretaceous limestones forms massive rocky precipices along the entire ridge ridge of the western slopes of Mount Samamos, especially east of the villages of Limachal, Trepu, Abdarubochal, and north of South Kakomrod and even the whole of Sakarmud. The presence of these calcareous formations in the south and the dissolution due to the corrosion of precipitation water and also the melting of snow, has caused the formation of calcareous dissolution (karst) in the south of Samamos mountain. The objective manifestation of these geomorphological forms are carnations, which are the predominant landscape of the earth’s surface in bare rocky parts. In addition, two deep canyon valleys have formed on the southern slope of the mountain, which can be seen on the way from the village of Jordi Eshkor to Lapasar.

Figure (16) Topographic map of Samamos massif.

Figure (17) View of Samamos anticline around Chaijan village on Kalachai-Chabaksar route, from north to south

 

Geology

The first stratigraphic sequence of this mountain massif consists of a thick row of thick-layered conglomerate rocks to masses from the Upper Triassic-Upper Jurassic-Middle period (jeweler). The main outcrops of this unit can be seen around the villages of Javaherdeh and west of Jantroodbar village of Ramsar and also in Plorud valley in the south of Garmabdasht village. In the south of Javaherdasht village and the northern slope of Samamos mountain, a unit of gray-gray to light gray limestones can be seen, which turns to gray-dark to gray limestone in the north of Garmabdasht village. It is the most widespread in the study area and the main body and the edges of Mount Samamos are composed of this formation. Carbonate destructive unit ‌‌ is a greenish to brownish gray carbonate destructive part and is composed of layers of sandstone and limestone. (Lower Cretaceous) is scattered. On the northern slopes of Mount Samamos ج (Jewelry Village ‌) there is a collection of gray to dark green volcanic rocks, mostly with the andesite composition ‌ basalt to basalt (corresponding to the Upper Cretaceous). Debris cones and falling rocks beneath fault precipices and cliffs are characteristic of the Quaternary period, which is characterized by the villages of Kakrud and Javaherdeh.
The general trend of folding in the region is northwest-southeast. شدتDue to the effect of numerous tectonic phases, the severity of folding in stratigraphic units varies with different ages. Wrinkling is associated with faulting. Among the folds of the region, we can name the Kushko anticline, 3 anticlines and the Samamos synagogue, the Siposht synagogue, the Sisra synagogue, the Lapasar anticline, and the Javaherdasht synagogue.

Hydrology

Due to its high peaks and proximity to the Caspian Sea, snowfall in the cold season (the beginning of snowfall has been observed since October), Samamos massif has suitable and sufficient sources of snow to feed the many rivers in this region. In addition, the presence of sediments and formations of the second geological period, especially lime and sandstone, and the gradual melting of snow in this area, cause the formation of suitable groundwater reserves and abundant springs that are effective in feeding river discharges in addition to rain and snow. This region has dozens of small and large rivers. Rivers have permanent, semi-permanent and seasonal flows due to their power source, the size of their catchment area and the depth of advance in the mountains. رود Generally, rivers that are fed from 2000-500 m high altitudes have semi-permanent and seasonal flows and are fed by rain. Rivers that originate at altitudes above 2,000 meters and are fed by snow sources and springs have a constant flow. The most important river basins of Samamos Mountain are Polrud (the second largest river of Gilan), Samush, Khoshkrud, Acharud, Kokorud, Safarud, Chalkrud, Zilehrud, Ajdaharud and Kakrud (5).

Vegetation and animal cover

The region’s forests are part of the dense and wet forests of the Caspian Sea basin. Their constituent elements are mostly broadleaf (deciduous) species. The forest cover of the region starts from the foothills and continues up to the altitude of ‌‌ 1800 in the region (“slopes up to 500 meters are covered by citrus and tea gardens”). غMost of the constituent species of forests in the region such as Evangelical, Lark, Azad, Khorramandi, Silk (night rye) and Lilaki are among the preserved plant species and the remnants of the third geological period. The forest types of the region can be divided into different regions and altitudes in terms of settlement. The types of non-swamp plains include oak, oak-hornbeam and boxwood. In the dry river basin, one of the unique Shamshamad natural communities can be seen. This Shamshamad community is one of the few remaining Shamshamad communities in the forested areas of Gilan. ‌ ‌ Low altitude forest types These types start after the plain, ie from the upper border of the swampy forest type to an altitude of 900 meters and include the communities of England, England, and the border. It is oak and oak-hornbeam. ند Intermediate forest types, these types that extend at an altitude of 900 to 1200 meters above sea level are: border, Rashistan, Rash-‌ border, ‌ ‌ Highland forest types, which include species such as hornbeam, spruce, alder and alder. The upper and lower types of the forest include a type of hornbeam called Lor along with oak species and Kachfeh-Orvistan community. From an altitude of 1800 meters above the northern slopes of Samamos is covered with pasture cover. Gradually increasing in height, the vegetation becomes alpine shrubs, especially “astragalus”, but on the southern slopes, due to humidity and less rainfall. It has a dominant plant. Meral, Shoka, Goat, Pagen, Boar, Wolf, Jackal, Ordinary Fox, Forest Cat, Sheng, Brown Bear, Leopard, Pheasant, Partridge, Golden Eagle are some of the animals of this place.

Geography of the ruggedness of the Samamos mountain range

Samamos has two peaks called Koch Samamos and Pil Samamos. The main ridge of Mount Samamos has a northwest-southeast direction. This Alaras line rises from the Plorud valley to the east of Sajiran Eshkor village and extends to the northeast of Janat Rudbar village in Chalkroud valley. The peak of Samamos cocoon with a height of 3703 meters is located on this ridge. From the peaks located in this ridge, from northwest to south can be seen from Sisht (2777.3), Rizineh Ibn (2898.1), Naqareh Teleh (2864), Gishe Teleh (2807), Toke Sar (3335), Samamos (3703), Lezneh. Chuck (3476), Gerdban (3269) and Dobandak (3167) were mentioned. In addition, according to the descriptions, the southern and western slopes of Mount Samamos, after a relatively smooth section, lead to rocky ridges. These rocky outcrops can be seen near the villages of Sajiran, Lima, and Kakrud. Therefore, it is not stretched to the east and south of the ridge. However, peaks such as Kashki (2710), Sorkh-e-Tele (2757), Aliyeh (3054), Mashapeshteh (2283), Alunshin-Teleh (3132), Ureh-e-Gardan (3082), Kalmajareh (2408), Haft Khani (3171) can be mentioned. . There are two ridges from Mount Samamos, each of which stretches to the east. These ridges branch off from the summit of Samamos Alley at a height of 3476 meters. A ridge with a southwest-northeast direction extends from the north of Javaherdeh village of Ramsar to the Caspian Sea and includes the peaks of Samamos, Vezak (2392), Orchosar (2395), Pashtavar (2076), Chalehsar (1718) alleys. Mount Ilmili stretches (Figure 8). This ridge forms between the water of Khoshkroud and Achirud rivers with Saffarud. Another ridge extends in a northwest-southwest direction. This ridge is between the water between Chalkrood and Saffarud rivers of Ramsar. The peaks on this mountain are Sohbarareh (2916), Lorsargordan (2666). The plain is located on this ridge. In the mountain range of Samamos, there are rocks that are famous for their shape. These rocks and cliffs include “Shirkesh” ‌ in the way of Jordasht, “Gisheh-e-Taleh” and “Naqareh-e-Taleh” ‌ in the south-west ridge of Chencharchal and Shirkash in the east of Samamos peak in the northwest of Robarkesh ‌. Massive rocky precipices on all ridges on the western and southern slopes of the Samamos massif are due to the presence of calcareous, sandstone, and conglomerate formations. The dominance of limestone formations in the Jurassic and Cretaceous ages on the southern slope has led to the development of lime dissolution in this area, we are witnessing the formation of deep canyon valleys. One of the most famous of them is the valley of Chile, on the way back to Lapassar. Therefore, part of the slopes of Samamos ends in rocky precipices, despite the existence of ridges and relatively flat terrain south of the summit of Samamos. Thus, in general, the mountain mass of Samamos evokes the state of a plateau for the viewer (Figure 7). So that in the place of Kalam Dagholeh in the southwest of the main peak of Samamos on the floor of this species plateau, several seasonal lakes are formed from the drainage of water of the surrounding peaks in spring. The peaks enclosing this low-slope mid-mountain ridge, all of which have an altitude of over 3000 meters.

Figure (18) Profile of Mount Samamos from north to south, its mass is clear.

 

Figure (19) Location of signboards in the village of Javaherdasht